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Read
- Wikipedia: Solitary Confinement
- Prison Policy Initiative – Solitary Confinement Increases Risk of Premature Death After Release
- The Influence of Information on Public Support for Solitary Confinement: a Test of Belief Updating and Confirmation Bias
- Association of Restrictive Housing During Incarceration With Mortality After Release
- Report and Recommendations Concerning the Use of Restrictive Housing
- Solitary Confinement Is Never The Answer: A Special Report on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Prisons and Jails, the Use of Solitary Confinement, and Best Practices for Saving the Lives of Incarcerated People and Correctional Staff
- The Effects of Solitary Confinement on the Brain
- What are the effects of solitary confinement on health?
- The Marshall Project: Shifting Away from Solitary
- “Solitary Confinement” may go by a different name in your state
- Psychologist testifies on the risks of solitary confinement
- Solitary Watch: Supreme Court Justice Kennedy: “Solitary Confinement Literally Drives Men Mad”
- New York Times Op-Ed: My Night in Solitary by Rick Raemisch
- After 40 years in solitary, activist Albert Woodfox tells his story of survival
- Justice Kennedy on Solitary Confinement
- The brain in solitude: an (other) eighth amendment challenge to solitary confinement
- Psychological Distress in Solitary Confinement: Symptoms, Severity, and Prevalence in the United States
- Solitary By the Numbers
Watch
- Sister Studios: Our Voices Are Rarely Heard
- Solitary Confinement: Cruel and Inhuman
- Testimony of Rick Raemisch, Executive Director, Colorado Department of Corrections
- PBS Frontline: Last Days of Solitary
- Todd Ashker: 29 years in Solitary Confinement
- After decades in solitary they joined forces. Here’s what happened.
Listen
- anxiety and stress
- depression and hopelessness
- anger, irritability, and hostility
- panic attacks
- worsened preexisting mental health issues
- hypersensitivity to sounds and smells
- problems with attention, concentration, and memory
- hallucinations that affect all of the senses
- paranoia
- poor impulse control
- social withdrawal
- outbursts of violence
- psychosis
- fear of death
- self-harm including mutilation of genitals, cutting open abdomen, biting through veins and self blindness
- suicide
- chronic headaches
- eyesight deterioration
- digestive problems
- dizziness
- excessive sweating
- fatigue and lethargy
- genitourinary problems
- heart palpitations
- hypersensitivity to light and noise
- loss of appetite
- muscle and joint pain
- sleep problems
- trembling hands
- weight loss